"In the kNOW” this month is covering discogenic back pain (DBP). This condition is considered a subtype of low back pain. Causes of DBP can vary from trauma, overuse, or aging. Symptoms of discogenic back pain include low back pain that worsens when sitting, bending, or lifting, numbness and/or tingling in the legs, radiating pain into the upper legs, hips, or buttocks.
Physical and neurological exams along with radiological imaging (MRIs, CTs, and X-rays) can be used to diagnose DBP. Another test that may be administered is a provocative discography where a dye is injected into the discs to identify the painful areas.
Treatment of DBP will vary depending on the patient and severity of symptoms. Initially, treatments like physical therapy, muscle relaxants, and avoidance of prolonged standing or sitting may be tried. If those treatments do not help, it may be necessary to perform epidural steroid injections or nerve blocks, or in the worst cases, surgery. Surgical options may include fusion or total disc arthroplasty.
Now let’s look at the codes that became effective October 1, 2025, to specifically capture discogenic back pain.
M51.360, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar region with discogenic back pain only
M51.361, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar region with lower extremity pain only
M51.362, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar region with discogenic back pain and lower extremity pain
M51.369, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar region without mention of lumbar back pain or lower extremity pain
M51.370, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbosacral region with discogenic back pain only
M51.371, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbosacral region with lower extremity pain only
M51.372, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbosacral region with discogenic back pain and lower extremity pain
M51.379, Other intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbosacral region without mention of lumbar back pain or lower extremity pain
Notice that the codes are divided into two groups: one for lumbar and one for lumbosacral discs. Another point to note is that the codes are specifically identifying the location of the pain: back only, lower extremity only, both, or no pain mentioned. The type of treatment that will benefit the patient is impacted by where the pain is. Now, coding professionals can share that information by assigning the most appropriate code.
Now you are In the kNOW!!
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